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Iran war could cause millions to flee, causing immigration crisis

Release Date: 2026-03-15
Media: AZER NEWS
Summary: Two weeks of air strikes by the United States and Israel have displaced millions of people inside Iran, raising concerns among neighboring countries about a potential refugee crisis. The UN High Commissioner for Refugees estimates that up to 3.2 million people have been temporarily displaced, many of them fleeing heavy bombardment in Tehran.

Although some Iranians are seeking safety in other parts of the country or in neighboring states, cross-border movement remains limited. Several neighboring countries closed their borders when the attacks began, allowing mainly third-country nationals to pass through. The UN estimates that only about 1,300 Iranians have been leaving through Turkiye each day, and on some days more people return to Iran than depart.

Many Iranians are choosing to stay in the country to remain with their families or protect their homes and property. Others are relocating from major cities to safer rural areas, including regions near the Caspian Sea. Financial difficulties, security concerns, and logistical constraints also limit the ability of people to flee.

However, international organizations warn that if the conflict continues or critical infrastructure in Iran is destroyed, large numbers of people could attempt to flee to neighboring countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkiye, and Iraq, potentially triggering a wider migration crisis.
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