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How does Germany deport people?

Release Date
2026-02-28
Media
daily sun
Summary
Germany does not have a specialized agency like the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), but the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) in Bavaria has proposed creating a new state police unit called the “Asylum, Tracing and Deportation Group” (AFA). However, its potential effectiveness remains uncertain.

Over the past decade, Germany has introduced multiple legal reforms to facilitate the deportation of migrants with low prospects of staying. As a result, deportations have increased: 21,311 were carried out between January and November 2025, a 16% rise compared to the previous year, following a 22% increase from 2023 to 2024. In addition, more than 30,000 people left voluntarily in 2025 after receiving formal notices requiring them to depart.

In principle, migrants without residency status or rejected asylum seekers must leave Germany. However, around 180,000 people hold a “tolerated” status (Duldung) due to obstacles to deportation, such as unclear identity, humanitarian or medical reasons, or employment.

Local immigration authorities decide on deportations, while federal police carry them out, sometimes using chartered flights for collective removals. The process is bureaucratic, costly, and often stressful, occasionally involving early-morning arrests.

Although recent legal changes have expanded detention powers and narrowed exemptions to accelerate deportations, researchers argue that these measures have not necessarily improved efficiency. Instead, they have increased social exclusion and placed migrants in more precarious situations.
Tags
Germany

News Articles including "Germany"

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