[Blog]Carrying Prescription Medicines When Coming to Japan

2025-12-25

Recently, while acting as an intermediary for an application for a Certificate of Eligibility (COE), I encountered a case involving a foreign national with a chronic medical condition who must administer self-injections every day for six months, based on prescriptions issued by a physician in their home country. In such cases, carrying medicines into Japan is not a simple matter of personal preparation. Without a correct understanding of Japanese regulations and procedures, travelers may face problems at the airport, including delays, confiscation of medicines, or interruptions in essential medical treatment. This article explains the key points foreign nationals should be aware of when bringing prescription medicines into Japan, with reference to official guidance from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW).

Three Essential Points to Confirm in Advance

When carrying medicines into Japan for personal use, three elements are particularly important: the quantity of medicines, whether the medicines fall under any regulated categories under Japanese law, and whether appropriate documentation is prepared. In cases involving daily self-injection for six months, the quantity alone often exceeds what is considered routine, making prior confirmation and preparation especially important.

Official MHLW Guidance for Foreign Nationals Entering Japan

The MHLW provides official guidance specifically for individuals bringing medicines into Japan for personal use. This is the primary reference that foreign nationals should consult before travel. MHLW: Bringing Medicines into Japan for Personal Use (Personal Import and Carrying Information) This page explains the basic rules, including allowable quantities, required procedures, and situations where prior confirmation or approval may be necessary.

Six Months’ Supply Requires Special Attention

As a general guideline, medicines equivalent to approximately one month’s supply are considered the standard for personal use. Carrying a six-month supply of prescription medicines, especially injectable drugs, significantly exceeds this benchmark. In such cases, travelers are strongly advised to confirm requirements in advance and complete any necessary procedures before departure. The MHLW operates the “Overseas Medicines Import Confirmation Information System,” which allows users to check whether their medicines require prior confirmation or documentation and to submit applications online if needed. Using this system in advance greatly reduces the risk of issues at customs upon arrival in Japan.

Foreign nationals planning to bring medicines into Japan should actively use the following system before travel. MHLW: Overseas Medicines Import Confirmation Information System

Check Whether Medicines Are Classified as Controlled Substances

Some medicines that are commonly prescribed overseas may be classified in Japan as narcotics, psychotropic substances, or precursor chemicals, depending on their active ingredients. This applies regardless of whether the medicines are for legitimate medical use. Injectable medicines, in particular, may fall under stricter controls. It is essential to confirm classification based on the active ingredient name, dosage, and formulation, not merely the brand name. If a medicine falls under these categories, prior permission from the relevant Japanese authority is required even for personal medical use.

Documents to Prepare for Immigration and Customs

To ensure smooth entry into Japan, travelers carrying prescription medicines should prepare the following documents: (1) a medical certificate or doctor’s letter (preferably in English) stating the diagnosis, medical necessity, medicine names (generic names), dosage, duration of treatment, and total quantity carried; (2) copies of prescriptions; (3) original packaging or leaflets showing ingredients and dosage; and (4) confirmation results or approval documents obtained through the Overseas Medicines Import Confirmation Information System, if applicable. These documents should be carried in hand luggage and readily available for inspection.

Handling of Injectable Medicines During Air Travel

Many injectable medicines require temperature control and should not be placed in checked baggage due to the risk of freezing or heat exposure. Carrying them in hand luggage with appropriate cooling measures is generally recommended, subject to airline rules. Syringes and needles may be questioned during security screening, so travelers should be prepared to explain their medical necessity and present supporting documentation promptly.

Conclusion: Advance Preparation Is Essential

For foreign nationals who require daily self-injection over an extended period, carrying medicines into Japan is a critical issue that directly affects entry procedures and continuity of medical care. By carefully reviewing MHLW guidance, confirming quantities and classifications, and proactively using the Overseas Medicines Import Confirmation Information System, travelers can significantly reduce the risk of problems at customs and ensure a smoother transition to life in Japan. Both applicants and receiving organizations should treat medicine carriage as an essential part of pre-arrival preparation.